为什么水管一端固定后通过恒定水流的时候另一端会来回摆动?

2024-11-19 阅读 9
更新于 2024年11月21日
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和水流流速有关。
流速较低时,水流为层流,水管基本上不会摆动。流速增大到一定程度时,水流出现周期性波动。流速进一步增大,水流进入混沌状态。更大的流速,水流是无规则的湍流。图片来自网络水流内部的应力不均匀将驱动水管波动。
动量守恒的作用。喷出水那端水管受和水流反向的力。类似于喷气飞机火箭喷出气体受力。
水流比较大时候,喷出水流并非直线向后,而是有随机的偏置(紊流原因). 偏了一点,反作用力会使得水管更偏,最后和管子弯矩平衡。